Understanding Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a chronic and often painful condition affecting thousands of women in Kenya and millions around the world.

It occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the womb, often on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or pelvic walls.

This condition affects about 5–10% of women during their reproductive years, translating to more than 176 million women globally.

Its rising incidence has made it not only a medical concern but also a social and emotional issue that affects families and communities.

Common Symptoms

Endometriosis shows up differently in every person, making it difficult to detect early. Some women have no symptoms at all, while others experience severe pain that disrupts daily life.

Common signs include:

• Pelvic pain, especially during menstruation, sex, or bowel movements

• Chronic fatigue, bloating, and nausea

• Heavy bleeding during or between periods

• Anxiety and depression due to constant discomfort

While symptoms sometimes improve after menopause, this is not always the case. Because of its varied nature, many women live with endometriosis for years without knowing.

Women in their 30s and 40s are most at risk, especially those who experience short menstrual cycles (less than 28 days), heavy periods, or high estrogen levels. Diagnosing the condition is often challenging since its symptoms overlap with other reproductive disorders.

Tales of Perseverance

One of the most recognized advocates in Kenya’s fight against endometriosis was Njambi Koikai. In 2024, she sadly lost her battle with the disease after a 17-year struggle.

It took years of misdiagnosis before doctors confirmed her condition, forcing her to undergo more than 21 surgeries abroad due to limited treatment options locally.

Njambi used her voice and platform to raise awareness and push for better healthcare for women living with endometriosis. Her story opened the eyes of many Kenyans to the harsh reality of the condition and sparked important national conversations about the lack of specialized care in the country.

Challenges Women Face

a) Emotional Burden

Women living with endometriosis endure intense physical and emotional pain. The chronic discomfort and fertility struggles often lead to stress, anxiety, and depression, affecting relationships and work life.

b) Financial Strain

Diagnosis and treatment can be very expensive. From consultations and hormone therapy to surgeries, the cost can be overwhelming, especially for women with limited income or no insurance cover.

c) Daily Pain and Lifestyle Impact

The recurring pain can disrupt work, education, and family life. Many women are forced to adjust their routines around pain cycles, which affects their productivity and overall wellbeing.

d) Misdiagnosis

Endometriosis is frequently mistaken for other conditions like fibroids or pelvic inflammatory disease. Misdiagnosis delays proper treatment and can lead to unnecessary surgeries or medication, worsening the patient’s experience.

Treatment and Awareness

Treatment focuses on managing pain and slowing the growth of endometrial tissue. Common options include:

• Pain relief medication

• Hormone therapy

• Surgery to remove affected tissue

• Fertility treatments for women planning to conceive

Raising awareness is key. Girls and women need accurate information about their reproductive health so they can seek help early. Regular health check-ups can help detect the condition before it worsens.

Moving Forward

Endometriosis is not just a women’s issue, it’s a public health concern. The more people understand it, the better support women can receive from families, workplaces, and healthcare systems.

Let’s take action, create awareness, fight endometriosis, and save lives.